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如何获取iOS9上所有声音的列表？

人气：465 发布：2022-10-16 标签： ios speech cocoa text-to-speech

问题描述

获取"所有"AVSpeechSynthesisVoice对象列表的标准方法是请求它：

[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice speechVoices]
但是，这仅显示每个语言区域对的唯一默认语音。例如，EN-US：

"Language: en-US, Name: Samantha, Quality: Default",
如果我在下面的设置应用程序中查看 General→Accessibility→Speech→Voice→英文 我看到我已经选择了‘Siri Female(增强版)’，但那个声音不能从代码中选择。 完整列表为

所以最大的问题是：我如何从代码中选择Alex或Siri女性作为声音？

推荐答案

背景

AVSpeechSynthesisVoicedocumentation页。

语音的语言应以BCP-47格式指定。有关可用语音及其对应的BCP-47语言代码的含义，请参阅下面的内容。

支持的语音

截至2020年5月7日，print(AVSpeechSynthesisVoice.speechVoices())报告了以下支持的语音(iOS 13.3.1；iPhone而不是模拟器)：

[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266f9c0] Language: ar-SA, Name: Maged, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Maged-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266dd10] Language: cs-CZ, Name: Zuzana, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Zuzana-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266f050] Language: da-DK, Name: Sara, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Sara-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266ef90] Language: de-DE, Name: Anna, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Anna-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266f710] Language: de-DE, Name: Helena, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.siri_female_de-DE_compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266d8f0] Language: de-DE, Name: Martin, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.siri_male_de-DE_compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266fbf0] Language: el-GR, Name: Melina, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Melina-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266f9b0] Language: en-AU, Name: Catherine, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.siri_female_en-AU_compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266ea00] Language: en-AU, Name: Gordon, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.siri_male_en-AU_compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266f5e0] Language: en-AU, Name: Karen, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Karen-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266e9a0] Language: en-GB, Name: Arthur, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.siri_male_en-GB_compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266fba0] Language: en-GB, Name: Daniel, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Daniel-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266f880] Language: en-GB, Name: Martha, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.siri_female_en-GB_compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266d0e0] Language: en-IE, Name: Moira, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Moira-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266efe0] Language: en-IN, Name: Rishi, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Rishi-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x2826327e0] Language: en-US, Name: Aaron, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.siri_male_en-US_compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266fb40] Language: en-US, Name: Fred, Quality: Default [com.apple.speech.synthesis.voice.Fred]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266ce30] Language: en-US, Name: Nicky, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.siri_female_en-US_compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266ed60] Language: en-US, Name: Samantha, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Samantha-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266f170] Language: en-ZA, Name: Tessa, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Tessa-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266ef60] Language: es-ES, Name: Mónica, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Monica-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266ed30] Language: es-MX, Name: Paulina, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Paulina-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266d2d0] Language: fi-FI, Name: Satu, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Satu-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266fe40] Language: fr-CA, Name: Amélie, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Amelie-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266f620] Language: fr-FR, Name: Daniel, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.siri_male_fr-FR_compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266fbc0] Language: fr-FR, Name: Marie, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.siri_female_fr-FR_compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266fb20] Language: fr-FR, Name: Thomas, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Thomas-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266fd30] Language: he-IL, Name: Carmit, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Carmit-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266d820] Language: hi-IN, Name: Lekha, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Lekha-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266f070] Language: hu-HU, Name: Mariska, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Mariska-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266ed70] Language: id-ID, Name: Damayanti, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Damayanti-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x282631210] Language: it-IT, Name: Alice, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Alice-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266ef30] Language: ja-JP, Name: Hattori, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.siri_male_ja-JP_compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266d510] Language: ja-JP, Name: Kyoko, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Kyoko-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266e840] Language: ja-JP, Name: O-ren, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.siri_female_ja-JP_compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266ea90] Language: ko-KR, Name: Yuna, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Yuna-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266f6e0] Language: nl-BE, Name: Ellen, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Ellen-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266f6a0] Language: nl-NL, Name: Xander, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Xander-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266dc80] Language: no-NO, Name: Nora, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Nora-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266d020] Language: pl-PL, Name: Zosia, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Zosia-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266e930] Language: pt-BR, Name: Luciana, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Luciana-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266e1b0] Language: pt-PT, Name: Joana, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Joana-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266cfb0] Language: ro-RO, Name: Ioana, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Ioana-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266ee50] Language: ru-RU, Name: Milena, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Milena-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266eee0] Language: sk-SK, Name: Laura, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Laura-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266e070] Language: sv-SE, Name: Alva, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Alva-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266d470] Language: th-TH, Name: Kanya, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Kanya-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266f1d0] Language: tr-TR, Name: Yelda, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Yelda-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266db10] Language: zh-CN, Name: Tian-Tian (Enhanced), Quality: Enhanced [com.apple.ttsbundle.Ting-Ting-premium]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266d890] Language: zh-CN, Name: Li-mu, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.siri_male_zh-CN_compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266d4c0] Language: zh-CN, Name: Tian-Tian, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Ting-Ting-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266ea60] Language: zh-CN, Name: Yu-shu, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.siri_female_zh-CN_compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266f140] Language: zh-HK, Name: Sin-Ji, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Sin-Ji-compact]
[AVSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x28266ef10] Language: zh-TW, Name: Mei-Jia, Quality: Default [com.apple.ttsbundle.Mei-Jia-compact]
[AVAlexSpeechSynthesisVoice 0x282630950] Language: en-US, Name: Alex, Quality: Enhanced [com.apple.speech.voice.Alex]

正如Axello下面评论的那样，这显然不包括iPhone首选项中的en-AU男声"Lee"。他目前似乎不能通过此API访问。也许他会及时加入，但鉴于可用的声音看起来没有变化since 30th December 2015，我不会屏息等待。

安装

import AVFoundation

let utterance : AVSpeechUtterance = AVSpeechUtterance(string: "String to be read out.")
let voiceToUse: AVSpeechSynthesisVoice? = AVSpeechSynthesisVoice(language: "en-US")
utterance.voice = voiceToUse! // Set voice by BCP-47 language code.
AVSpeechSynthesizer().speak(utterance) // Note: Won't be heard in Swift Playground.

答案

我们可以使用AVSpeechSynthesisVoice(identifier: AVSpeechSynthesisVoiceIdentifierAlex)直接选择Alex的声音，但奇怪的是，Apple到目前为止提供的唯一识别符是Alex的。

对于任何其他语音(语音名称再次参见上面的列表)，请使用以下代码：

// From https://www.ikiapps.com/tips/2015/12/30/setting-voice-for-tts-in-ios
var voiceToUse: AVSpeechSynthesisVoice?
for voice in AVSpeechSynthesisVoice.speechVoices() {
    if #available(iOS 9.0, *) {
        if voice.name == "Karen" {
            voiceToUse = voice
        }
    } 
}

(使用filter()可以比使用循环更优雅，但我不熟悉SWIFT中的语法，如果感兴趣请参考here，如果您知道如何编写，请留言)。

至于被贴上Siri标签的声音，我不知道。也许它们与AVSpeechSynthesisVoice无关？如果您了解交易背后的情况，欢迎发表评论。

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